注意：本文檔操作系統(tǒng)環(huán)境以HPUX為主，假設(shè)要恢復(fù)HPUX 上oracle RAC數(shù)據(jù)庫到單機(jī)；

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本文當(dāng)主要以數(shù)據(jù)庫恢復(fù)為主,操作系統(tǒng)安裝、數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝配置和NBU客戶端安裝配置忽略；

要恢復(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫信息：

1. 確定要恢復(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫信息，如果數(shù)據(jù)庫和操作系統(tǒng)可以正常訪問，則可以登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫和操作系統(tǒng)查看和恢復(fù)信息相關(guān)的信息，如果數(shù)據(jù)庫甚至是操作系統(tǒng)不可訪問，則可以參考《oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫信息收集》文檔，里面記錄了oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫恢復(fù)的相關(guān)信息；

2. 為了確?；謴?fù)后的數(shù)據(jù)庫可以盡快使用，盡量減少應(yīng)用程序的修改，恢復(fù)完以后修改主機(jī)IP地址和原數(shù)據(jù)庫地址保持一致；

準(zhǔn)備環(huán)境：

1. 根據(jù)《oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫信息收集》文檔，安裝操作系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件，其中操作系統(tǒng)的版本盡量相同，數(shù)據(jù)庫版本則需要一致；

2. 根據(jù)《oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫信息收集》文檔，掛載合適的存儲(chǔ)，主要是存儲(chǔ)的大小，所掛載的存儲(chǔ)不可小于要恢復(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫總?cè)萘看笮。⑴渲煤线m的ASM磁盤組，磁盤組的大小和名稱建議原來一樣，磁盤組的容量可以大于原磁盤組；

3. 在客戶端安裝好NBU client，并保證通過NBU client可以正常訪問備份文件；

恢復(fù)步驟：

恢復(fù)文件說明:

在操作系統(tǒng)上執(zhí)行如下命令：

/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bplist -C ZMDB -t 4 -l -R / ，列出數(shù)據(jù)庫備份信息，此處列出信息忽律，詳細(xì)信息可參看《oracle單實(shí)例恢復(fù)到單實(shí)例》文檔。

恢復(fù)spfile文件：

本文檔選取 c-1996633987-20140902-0e作為恢復(fù)對(duì)象，設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫DBID，并把數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)到nomount狀態(tài)：

connected to target database (not started)

$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Tue Sep 2 10:05:38 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> set DBID=1996633954

executing command: SET DBID

RMAN>

（1）恢復(fù)spfile:

RMAN> startup nomount

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db/dbs/initgbdb.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 159383552 bytes

Fixed Size 2066400 bytes

Variable Size 67110944 bytes

Database Buffers 83886080 bytes

Redo Buffers 6320128 bytes

run

{

allocate channel c1 type 'SBT_TAPE';

send 'NB_ORA_SERV=NBUServer,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bl890s1';

restore spfile from 'c-1996633987-20140902-0e';

release channel c1;

}

創(chuàng)建pfile 修改pfile文件：

create pfile='/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db/dbs/initgbdb.ora' from spfile;

編輯pfile：

根據(jù)$ORACLE_BASE、$ORACLE_HOME創(chuàng)建相應(yīng)的目錄，并且刪除掉RAC參數(shù)，修改后的pfile如下（僅作參考）：

*.audit_file_dest='/app/oracle/admin/gbdb/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/app/oracle/admin/gbdb/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.5.0'

*.control_files='+DATA/gbdb/controlfile/current.493.857233793'

*.core_dump_dest='/app/oracle/admin/gbdb/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='gbdb'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=gbdbXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+DATA/gbdb/ARCHIVELOG/'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=98283200

*.processes=300

*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'

*.resource_limit=TRUE

*.sessions=335

*.sga_max_size=414748360

*.sga_target=414748360

*.LARGE_POOL_SIZE=214748360

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/app/oracle/admin/gbdb/udump'

用修改過的pfile 創(chuàng)建spfile：

關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫：

SQL> shutdown immediate

ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

用新的pfile啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫到nomount

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db/dbs/initgbdb.ora';

創(chuàng)建spfile：

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db/dbs/initgbdb.ora';

File created.

關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫并啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫到nomount狀態(tài)：

SQL> shutdown immediate

ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4.2446E+10 bytes

Fixed Size 2174824 bytes

Variable Size 3422552216 bytes

Database Buffers 3.9007E+10 bytes

Redo Buffers 14602240 bytes

SQL>

恢復(fù)控制文件：

[oracle@bridge ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Aug 27 14:40:44 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: fxzmd (not mounted)

RMAN> run

{

allocate channel c1 type 'SBT_TAPE';

send 'NB_ORA_SERV=NBUServer,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bl890s1';

restore controlfile from 'cntrl_4923_1_857210701';

release channel c1;

}

恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫文件：

啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫到mount狀態(tài)：

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)文件：

RMAN> run

{

allocate channel c1 type 'SBT_TAPE';

allocate channel c2 type 'SBT_TAPE';

allocate channel c3 type 'SBT_TAPE';

allocate channel c4 type 'SBT_TAPE';

send 'NB_ORA_SERV=NBUServer,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bl890s1';

restore database;

recover database;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

release channel c4;

}

以下信息為恢復(fù)結(jié)束時(shí)候的信息，僅作參考：

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171159_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171159

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171160_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171160

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/2_177002_766064650.dbf thread=2 sequence=177002

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171161_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171161

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/2_177003_766064650.dbf thread=2 sequence=177003

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171162_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171162

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/2_177004_766064650.dbf thread=2 sequence=177004

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171163_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171163

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/2_177005_766064650.dbf thread=2 sequence=177005

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171164_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171164

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/2_177006_766064650.dbf thread=2 sequence=177006

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171165_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171165

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/2_177007_766064650.dbf thread=2 sequence=177007

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171166_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171166

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/2_177008_766064650.dbf thread=2 sequence=177008

archive log filename=+DATA/gbdb/archivelog/1_171167_766064650.dbf thread=1 sequence=171167

unable to find archive log

archive log thread=1 sequence=171168

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

released channel: c3

released channel: c4

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 09/02/2014 23:24:04

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 171168 lowscn 66130782491

Recovery Manager complete.

打開數(shù)據(jù)庫：

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

修改redo 日志：

刪除thread 2的redo日志，只保留thread1日志組：

刪除thread 2 日志組：

alter database drop logfile group 4;

alter database drop logfile group 5;

alter database drop logfile group 6;

alter database drop logfile group 8;

添加日志組：

alter database add logfile group 4 ('+data','data1') size 200M;

注意：

如果刪除出現(xiàn)如下錯(cuò)誤：

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 8;

alter database drop logfile group 8

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01567: dropping log 8 would leave less than 2 log files for instance gbdb2

(thread 2)

ORA-00312: online log 8 thread 2: '+DATA/gbdb/onlinelog/group_8.340.857294711'

ORA-00312: online log 8 thread 2: '+DATA1/gbdb/onlinelog/group_8.269.857294713'

先disable thread2 然后再刪除：

alter database disable thread 2;

最后redo日志修改如下（僅作參考）：

SQL> select GROUP#,THREAD#,status,ARCHIVED from v$log;

GROUP# THREAD# STATUS ARC

---------- ---------- ---------------- ---

1 1 INACTIVE YES

2 1 INACTIVE YES

3 1 ACTIVE YES

4 1 ACTIVE YES

5 1 CURRENT NO

刪除undo表空間：

查看undo表空間：

SQL> select tablespace_name,contents from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME CONTENTS

------------------------------ ---------

SYSTEM PERMANENT

UNDOTBS1 UNDO

SYSAUX PERMANENT

TEMP TEMPORARY

USERS PERMANENT

UNDOTBS2 UNDO

ZBWMSD PERMANENT

ZBWMSX PERMANENT

刪除UNDOTBS2，表空間：

drop tablespace UNDOTBS2;

SQL> drop tablespace UNDOTBS2;

Tablespace dropped.

確認(rèn)是否真實(shí)刪除：

SQL> select tablespace_name,contents from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME CONTENTS

------------------------------ ---------

SYSTEM PERMANENT

UNDOTBS1 UNDO

SYSAUX PERMANENT

TEMP TEMPORARY

USERS PERMANENT

ZBWMSD PERMANENT

ZBWMSX PERMANENT

JXSWMSX PERMANENT

JXSWMSD PERMANENT

GROUPREPORT PERMANENT

ZBWMSTEST PERMANENT

最后確認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫狀態(tài)：

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE

----------

READ WRITE

數(shù)據(jù)庫正?；謴?fù)后配置：

可參考《oracle單實(shí)例恢復(fù)到單實(shí)例》文檔；

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